星链卫星导航中TLE生成方法

doi:10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2025.1207

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在航空航天领域蓬勃发展的当下,星链卫星作为大规模非合作目标,其轨道管理与精确监测至关重要。本文以数千个星链非合作目标卫星为研究对象,深入探究利用星链星历生成用于导航的两行根数(TLE)的有效方法。通过对比分析下载的星链卫星TLE数据,发现现有TLE在导航应用中精度存在不足。为此,基于最小二乘法建立轨道模型,通过收集星历数据、定义误差函数、计算雅可比矩阵并求解法方程,迭代更新得到高精度TLE。经研究明确,数据时长、频率及星历与TLE时刻间隔等因素对TLE精度影响显著。研究成果在卫星导航、碰撞预警及航天器协同作业等领域具有广阔的应用前景,将有力推动非合作目标卫星轨道管理和导航技术的发展与实际应用。

关键词: 非合作目标, 导航, 星链卫星, 两行根数, 轨道预报

Abstract: In the current context of the booming aerospace field,starlink satellites,as large-scale non-cooperative targets,their orbit management and precise monitoring are of great significance.This paper takes thousands of starlink non-cooperative target satellites as the research object and deeply explores the effective methods for generating two-line element(TLE)for navigation using starlink ephemeris data.By comparing and analyzing the downloaded TLE data of starlink satellites,it is found that the existing TLE has deficiencies in accuracy in navigation applications.Therefore,an orbit model is established based on the least-squares method.High-precision TLE is obtained through collecting ephemeris data,defining the error function,calculating the Jacobian matrix,solving the normal equation,and iterative updating.The research clearly shows that factors such as data duration,frequency,and the time interval between the ephemeris and TLE generation moments have a significant impact on TLE accuracy.The research results have broad application prospects in fields such as satellite navigation,collision warning,and spacecraft cooperative operations,and will strongly promote the development and practical application of orbit management and navigation technologies for non-cooperative target satellites.

Key words: non-cooperative targets, navigation, starlink satellites, two-line element, orbit prediction

中图分类号:

P228

陈俊宇, 李梓杰, 吴尧, 胡开辉, 文章义, 林初森. 星链卫星导航中TLE生成方法[J]. 测绘通报, 2025, 0(12): 41-45.

CHEN Junyu, LI Zijie, WU Yao, HU Kaihui, WEN Zhangyi, LIN Chusen. Generation method of two-line element for starlink satellite navigation[J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, 2025, 0(12): 41-45.

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