Abstract: Ecological conservation and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin has become a major national strategy. NingXia plan is a representative wetland area in the arid region. Based on the google earth engine platform, the dynamic information such as historical coverage, area change, type change and seasonal evolution of wetland water bodies in the Ningxia plain from 1984 to 2020 was analyzed and evaluated. The results show that: ① From 1984 to 2020, the historical coverage area of wetlands in the Ningxia plain was 1 373.86 km², accounting for 8.1% of the national land area of the study area, and the area covered by water body in the whole period was 116.46 km². ② From 1984-1999 to 2000-2020, the surface water area of the Ningxia plain increased by 483 km², and the overall area change rate was 45.6%. ③ In the past 37 years, the newly added permanent water bodies in the study area have increased significantly by 218.89 km², and the seasonal water body area has changed greatly. ④ In terms of the number of months covered by surface water, in 2020, 39.45% of the water bodies persisted throughout the year, while the area of water bodies covered by 1 to 6 months accounted for more than 50% of the total. The research can provide date support for environmental protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin.

Key words: surface wetland water bodies, change of water area, change of water type, seasonal change of water bodies, Google Earth Engine