Temporal and spatial variation of groundwater in North China Plain using data from GRACE satellites and monitoring wells

doi:10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2026.0910

Abstract

Abstract: [Purposes] To address the issue of groundwater depletion caused by overexploitation in North China Plain,this study aims to investigate the impacts of precipitation and human activities on regional groundwater changes.[Methods] Groundwater storage (GWS)changes in North China Plain from 2002 to 2024 were retrieved using GRACE satellites,and joint analysis was conducted in combination with in-situ well observations.[Findings] The results show that GWS in North China Plain has long been in a deficit state but has exhibited a recovery trend since 2021.Both GRACE satellite data and groundwater well observations confirm that GWS increased significantly in 2021 and 2022,and the interannual trends (initially decreasing and then increasing)and seasonal characteristics revealed by the two datasets are generally consistent.Spatially,severely depleted areas are concentrated in the piedmont plain and the vicinities of Handan and Beijing.After heavy rainfall events from 2021 to 2023,most regions began to recover.In addition,the South-to-North Water Diversion project has played a positive role in mitigating regional groundwater depletion.[Conclusions] The study demonstrates that rainfall and human interventions such as inter-basin water transfer have significant impacts on groundwater recovery in North China Plain.The groundwater system in this region shows a certain restorative trend under the combined effects of natural and anthropogenic factors．

Key words: GRACE, North China Plain, groundwater storage changes, the South-to-North Water Diversion, groundwater monitoring

CLC Number:

P237

Wang Ziyi, Tao Tingye, Fang Xingbo, Dai Ju, Qu Xiaochuan. Temporal and spatial variation of groundwater in North China Plain using data from GRACE satellites and monitoring wells[J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, 2026, 0(9): 67-74.

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