Abstract: Research on the measuring technology using intelligent non-leveling and non-centering total station is of great importance in solving practical problems and improving work efficiency.In this study,by comparing the data measured by both leveling total station and non-leveling ones,we conclude that the 3D coordinates measured by non-leveling total stations are accurate while the corresponding X-Y plane is not horizontal and the corresponding Z is not elevation information,but it's accurate space coordinate.Moreover,we discusse the 3D coordinate system when measuring with non-leveling total stations and then propose the thought that spatial angle α、γ can also be accurate measured.The measured space coordinates have been carefully verified by mathematical models,thus proving that the measuring technology using non-leveling and non-centering of modern intelligent total station is practicable and reliable.

Key words: intelligent total station, without manual leveling, any inclination angle, spatial distance, three-dimensional coordinate, space angle, mathematical model