Abstract: In order to quickly identify the suitable site selection range for engineering construction in the field environment and better serve emergency support needs, this article starts with the impact of key geological elements on engineering construction. By analyzing the mechanical properties of rock and soil, physical and chemical reactions of water bodies, structural development laws, types and susceptibility of geological disasters, resource distribution and availability, the influence mechanism of key geological elements in engineering construction site selection is explored. Based on the suitability evaluation of engineering construction, the range of terrain and geological element indicators is quantified into 5 levels, and the analytic hierarchy process is adopted to quantitatively evaluate the impact weight of each element on surface engineering construction. The construction of geological element grid data structure has been achieved, and the division and optimization of engineering construction site selection areas have been completed through suitability evaluation. The experimental results show that the site selection method for surface engineering construction in this article fully considers the influence of geological factors on the site selection of engineering construction. The model is scientifically reasonable and can efficiently complete the site selection range planning under the premise of known engineering demand parameters.

Key words: geological elements, engineering construction, impact mechanism, analytic hierarchy process, neighborhood statistics, site selection