中国北方地区生态环境质量时空变化及其对气候变化与人类活动的响应

doi:10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2022.0226

测绘通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (8): 14-21,35.doi: 10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2022.0226

• 区域生态环境质量时空分析 • 上一篇下一篇

中国北方地区生态环境质量时空变化及其对气候变化与人类活动的响应

王宇白¹, 耿佳², 周宇宇³, 周泽宇⁴, 方贺⁵, 耿静⁶, 张睿⁷, 徐栋⁸

1. 南京工业大学测绘科学与技术学院, 江苏南京 211816;
2. 三亚学院国际酒店管理学院, 海南三亚 572022;
3. 美国爱荷华州立大学地质与大气科学系, 埃姆斯 50011;
4. 北京理工大学前沿交叉研究院, 北京 100081;
5. 浙江省气象中心, 浙江杭州 310017;
6. 三亚学院翟明国院士工作站, 海南三亚 572022;
7. 中国地质大学(武汉)地理与信息工程学院, 湖北武汉 430074;
8. 北京师范大学遥感科学国家重点实验室, 北京 100875

收稿日期:2021-12-23 发布日期:2022-09-01
通讯作者: 徐栋。E-mail:xd@mail.bnu.edu.cn
作者简介:王宇白(1998-),男,硕士生,研究方向为城市环境遥感。E-mail:202061123001@njtech.edu.cn
基金资助:
浙江省气象局2021年度科技计划(2021YB07);浙江省自然科学基金青年基金(LQ21D060001);风云卫星先行计划(FY-APP-2021.0105);浙江省静止卫星林火监测系统项目;中国气象局创新发展专项(CXFZ2022J040)

Spatio-temporal evolution of eco-environment quality and the response to climate change and human activities in northern China

WANG Yubai¹, GENG Jia², ZHOU Yuyu³, ZHOU Zeyu⁴, FANG He⁵, GENG Jing⁶, ZHANG Rui⁷, XU Dong⁸

1. School of Geomatics Science and Technology, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China;
2. International Hospitality Management School, University of Sanya, Sanya 572022, China;
3. Department of Geological and Atmospheric Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames 50011, USA;
4. Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;
5. Zhejiang Climate Center, Hangzhou 310017, China;
6. Academician workstation of Zhai Mingguo, University of Sanya, Sanya 572022, China;
7. School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China;
8. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

Received:2021-12-23 Published:2022-09-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 中国北方地区地域辽阔,干旱面积分布较广,风沙危害、水土流失等问题严重,是典型的气候敏感区及生态环境脆弱区。然而,该区域近几十年来生态环境质量演变及其对气候变化与人类活动响应的规律还不清晰,研究这些规律对加强北方地区生态文明建设及维护生物多样性具有重要意义。本文基于中国历史高分辨率生态环境质量数据(CHEQ),以及气候指标、夜间灯光等遥感数据,利用趋势分析、变异系数、偏相关分析、多元回归分析、重标极差分析等方法,探究了北方地区2001—2018年生态环境质量时空变化特征及其对气候变化与人类活动的响应。结果表明:①2001—2018年CHEQ指数总体呈小幅下降趋势,空间上呈东高西低、南北高中部低的分布特征;②近18年来,北方地区生态环境质量改善的区域仅为18.66%,而退化面积比例为40%;③生态环境质量与气温和人类活动呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05),而与降水呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05);④气候变化对生态环境质量变化起主导作用的区域占研究区面积的90%。本文在弥补现有研究不足的同时,可以为快速掌握北方地区绿色经济发展下生态环境质量的变化规律和提高生态文明建设的效果提供科学依据,为“绿水青山就是金山银山”的科学政策提供理论支撑。

关键词: 生态环境质量, CHEQ, 气候变化, 人类活动, 中国北方

Abstract: The northern China that is a typical climate change sensitive area in China has a vast territory, complex and diverse landforms, a wide distribution of arid areas, and also serious problems such as wind and sand hazards and soil erosion. However, the laws governing the evolution of eco-environmental quality (EEQ) and its response to climate change and human activities in northern China in recent decades are still unclear. Understanding these laws is of great significance to further strengthening the ecological civilization construction and maintaining biodiversity in northern China. Based on CHEQ and other remote sensing data such as climate indicators and nighttime light data, using trend analysis, coefficient of variation, partial correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, re-standard range analysis, this study explores the characteristics of the temporal and spatial changes of the EEQ in northern China from 2001 to 2018 and its response to climate change and human activities. The results show that: ①The CHEQ index in northern China from 2001 to 2018 shows a slight downward trend, with a spatial distribution characteristic of “high in the east and low in the west, high in the north and south, and low in the middle in the north”; ②In the past 18 years, only 18.66% of the areas where the EEQ has been improved in northern China, while degraded areas accounted for more than 40% of the total area; ③The EEQ has a significant negative correlation with temperature and human activities (P<0.05), and a significant positive correlation with precipitation (P<0.05); ④The area where climate change plays a leading role in the change of EEQ has reached 90% of the study area. While making up for the deficiencies of existing research, this study can provide a scientific basis for quickly grasping the changing laws of the EEQ under the development of green economy in northern China and improving the effect of ecological civilization construction, and provide theoretical support for the scientific policy of “Lucid waters and lush mountains”.

Key words: ecological environmenalt quality, CHEQ, climate change, human activities, northern China

中图分类号:

P208

王宇白, 耿佳, 周宇宇, 周泽宇, 方贺, 耿静, 张睿, 徐栋. 中国北方地区生态环境质量时空变化及其对气候变化与人类活动的响应[J]. 测绘通报, 2022, 0(8): 14-21,35.

WANG Yubai, GENG Jia, ZHOU Yuyu, ZHOU Zeyu, FANG He, GENG Jing, ZHANG Rui, XU Dong. Spatio-temporal evolution of eco-environment quality and the response to climate change and human activities in northern China[J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, 2022, 0(8): 14-21,35.

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中国北方地区生态环境质量时空变化及其对气候变化与人类活动的响应

Spatio-temporal evolution of eco-environment quality and the response to climate change and human activities in northern China

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