祁连山自然保护区生态环境大数据管理模式的探讨

doi:10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2023.0208

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 大数据时代的到来给生态环境领域的数据管理带来了新的挑战与机遇。本文从生态环境大数据的内涵、特征、技术体系及其在生态环境领域的应用等角度出发,探讨了适用于祁连山自然保护区的数据管理模式。首先,保护区内的生态环境大数据来源广泛、结构多样、数据处理方式复杂,难以通过传统技术手段被有效收集、处理和应用,除了具备一般大数据的“5V”特征外,还具备地理空间特征;然后,大数据技术贯穿于数据采集与预处理、数据存储与管理、数据处理与分析及数据解释在内的整个流程,为保护区多源异构数据高效管理与综合利用提供技术支撑;最后,将生态环境大数据技术应用于解决错综复杂的生态环境问题,结合GEE云平台与生态环境模型模拟技术对植被变化问题进行了科学分析,获取了2000—2020年保护区植被覆盖度的演变趋势及不同海拔高度的垂直地带性差异规律。基于大数据技术的管理模式是生态环境大数据面对新形势、新趋势的必然选择,也是生态环境问题解决的重要支撑。

关键词: 生态环境大数据, 大数据技术, GEE云平台, 数据管理模式, 祁连山自然保护区

Abstract: The advent of the era of big data has brought new challenges and opportunities to data management in the field of ecological environment. This paper discusses the data management model suitable for Qilian Mountain Nature Reserve from the perspective of the connotation, characteristics, technology system of big data, and its application in the field of ecological environment. First of all, the ecological environment big data in the protected area has a wide range of sources, diverse structures, and complex data processing methods. It is difficult to effectively collect, process and apply them through traditional technological means. Besides the “5V” characteristics of general big data, it also has geospatial characteristics. Secondly, big data technology runs through the whole process of data collection and preprocessing, data storage and management, data processing and analysis, and data interpretation, which provides technical support for the efficient management and comprehensive utilization of multi-source heterogeneous data in the reserve. Finally, the ecological environment big data technology is applied to solve the complex ecological environment problems, and the GEE cloud platform and ecological environment model simulation technology are combined to scientifically analyze the vegetation change, and the evolution trend of the vegetation coverage of the reserve and the vertical zonal difference rule of different altitudes from 2000 to 2020 are obtained. The management mode based on big data technology is the inevitable choice of ecological environment big data in the face of new situation and new trend, and it is also an important support to solve ecological environment problems.

Key words: big data of ecological environment, big data technology, GEE cloud platform, data management mode, Qilian Mountain Nature Reserve

中图分类号:

P208

关琳, 王让会, 刘春伟, 周丽敏. 祁连山自然保护区生态环境大数据管理模式的探讨[J]. 测绘通报, 2023, 0(7): 97-106.

GUAN Lin, WANG Ranghui, LIU Chunwei, ZHOU Limin. Discussion on the management mode of ecological environment big data in Qilian Mountain Nature Reserve[J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, 2023, 0(7): 97-106.

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