测绘通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (1): 109-114.doi: 10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2024.0118

• 学术研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

点云密度特征约束下的隧道开挖轴线抗噪提取

智志洋1, 李爱光2, 杜志刚3, 阮清林3, 赵翼鹏4   

  1. 1. 中山大学测绘科学与技术学院, 广东 珠海 519082;
    2. 电子科技大学智能计算研究院, 四川 成都 611731;
    3. 中铁隧道局集团有限公司工程测量试验分公司, 广东 广州 511458;
    4. 中山大学地理科学与规划学院, 广东 广州 510006
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-31 出版日期:2024-01-25 发布日期:2024-01-30
  • 通讯作者: 李爱光。E-mail:sunsoft25@163.com
  • 作者简介:智志洋(1996—),男,博士生,主要研究方向为三维激光点云数据处理。E-mail:zhizhiy@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    隧道点云超欠挖拟合关键技术项目(ZTSDSCCG2022107)

Noise-resistant extraction of tunnel excavation axis under point cloud density feature constraints

ZHI Zhiyang1, LI Aiguang2, DU Zhigang3, RUAN Qinglin3, ZHAO Yipeng4   

  1. 1. School of Geospatial Engineer and Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China;
    2. Laboratory of intelligent Collaborative Computing, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China;
    3. Engineering Survey and Test Branch of China Railway Tunnel Bureau Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 511458, China;
    4. School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
  • Received:2023-05-31 Online:2024-01-25 Published:2024-01-30

摘要: 三维激光扫描仪获取的隧道原始点云数据往往包含大量的无关点,这对隧道轴线的提取有较大的影响,同时较难满足现场施工的实时性需求。针对上述问题,本文将考虑隧道点云密度特征,提出一种高效、自动的隧道中轴线提取方法。首先,统计隧道点云的密度特征,依据不同密度的点云区域,判别其点云特征,生成不同的约束系数,并将约束系数作为轴线拟合点的选取依据;其次,经过俯视投影和RANSAC处理,得到投影平面中轴线;然后,经过侧视投影得到拱顶位置,依据拱顶位置将中轴线调整至隧道中心处;最后,利用RANSAC线性拟合以实现对不同区段轴线的预测。结果表明,本文方法根据指定区域的隧道点云密度特征,能够快速、准确提取带有大量噪声的隧道点云中轴线,且适用于不同区段的开挖隧道,具有较好的适应性。

关键词: 隧道激光点云, 点云密度, 开挖轴线, 抗噪, RANSAC

Abstract: The original point cloud data of the tunnel acquired by 3D laser scanner often contains a lot of irrelevant points, which has a great impact on the extraction of tunnel axis, and at the same time, it is difficult to meet the real-time demand for on-site construction. For the above problems, an efficient and automatic method is proposed to extract tunnel axis by taking the density characteristics into consideration. Firstly, the density characteristics of the tunnel point cloud are counted, and different constraint coefficients are generated based on the different density of the point cloud region, and the constraint coefficients are used as the basis for the selection of the axial fitting points; after the top-view projection and the RANSAC processing, the central axis of the projected plane is obtained; after the side-view projection, the location of the vault is obtained, and based on that, the central axis is adjusted to the center of the tunnel; and the central axis is adjusted to the center of the tunnel by using the RANSAC linear fitting is used again to realize the prediction of the axis of the different zones.The results show that according to the density characteristics of the tunnel point cloud in the specified area,the method can quickly and accurately extract the axes in the tunnel point cloud with a lot of noise, and it is applicable to excavated tunnels in different zones with good adaptability.

Key words: tunnel laser point cloud, point cloud density, excavation axis, anti-noise, RANSAC

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