1986—2024年黄河流域湖泊时空动态变化

doi:10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2026.0515

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的]针对黄河流域湖泊长期动态监测不足、面积等级结构不清及季节性波动机制不明的问题,本文基于Google Earth Engine平台,利用1986—2024年Landsat影像,采用DSWE算法系统提取了湖泊水体信息。[方法]通过精度验证(总体精度96.95%,Kappa系数0.94)确认了方法的可靠性;系统分析了湖泊数量与面积的年际变化、空间分布、等级结构及季节性波动特征,并采用Mann-Kendall趋势检验评估变化趋势,从而揭示了近40年间黄河流域湖泊的时空演变规律。[结果]结果表明:①全流域湖泊数量年均增长46.64个,面积显著扩张(Z=7.45,P<0.001),上游为主要贡献区;②湖泊结构呈“少数大型主导面积、多数小型主导数量”的剪刀型特征,大型湖泊(≥50 km²)数量仅占0.12%,却贡献51.40%的面积;③小型湖泊(<1 km²)季节性波动显著,大型湖泊则保持稳定。[结论]本文研究为黄河流域水资源管理与生态保护提供了科学依据。

关键词: 黄河流域, DSWE, Google Earth Engine, 水资源管理

Abstract: [Purposes]Addressing the problems of insufficient long-term dynamic monitoring of lakes in the Yellow River basin,unclear area-size structure,and poorly understood seasonal fluctuation mechanisms,this study utilized Google Earth Engine and Landsat imagery from 1986 to 2024 to systematically extract lake water bodies using an improved DSWE algorithm.[Methods]The reliability of the method was confirmed through accuracy assessment (overall accuracy 96.95%,Kappa coefficient 0.94).We systematically analyzed the interannual changes,spatial distribution,size-class structure,and seasonal fluctuations in lake number and area,and employed the Mann-Kendall trend test to evaluate change trends,thereby revealing the spatiotemporal evolution patterns of lakes over the past 40 years.[Findings]The results indicate that:①The number of lakes in the basin increased by an average of 46.64 per year,with a significant expansion in total area (Z=7.45,P<0.001),primarily contributed by the upstream region; ②The lake structure exhibits a “scissor-shaped”pattern where a few large lakes (≥50 km²),comprising only 0.12%of the total number,dominate the area (contributing 51.40%),while the vast majority are small lakes;③Small lakes (<1 km²)show significant seasonal fluctuations,whereas large lakes remain relatively stable.[Conclusions]This research provides a scientific basis for water resource management and ecological protection in the Yellow River basin.

Key words: Yellow River basin, DSWE, Google Earth Engine, water resource management

中图分类号:

P237

邹业斌, 雷浩南, 武云, 丛培宇, 潘盼. 1986—2024年黄河流域湖泊时空动态变化[J]. 测绘通报, 2026, 0(5): 89-96.

ZOU Yebin, LEI Haonan, WU Yun, CONG Peiyu, PAN Pan. Spatio-temporal dynamics of lakes in the Yellow River basin from 1986 to 2024[J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, 2026, 0(5): 89-96.

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