Abstract: In the disaster environment, this paper research the UWB positioning accuracy about the relative location between UWB anchor and tag, different antenna direction, different height of anchor deployment, different number of anchor and different deployment network types. The experimental results show that: the height of the anchor has no obvious influence on the two-dimensional positioning accuracy of UWB; the closer the tag is to the anchors’ network center, the higher the positioning accuracy; higher positioning accuracy when the antenna is oriented vertically; the greater the number of anchors, the higher the positioning accuracy; rectangular mesh type has higher accuracy in common mesh types. Therefore, the UWB anchor can be set up, in the emergency environment, according to the plan of “the positioning area as a center, the antenna is vertical, the number of anchors is as large as possible, and the rectangular network type”. The sub-optimal positioning accuracy will be got in the shortest time and the guidance for feasible anchor deployment for UWB emergency positioning will be obtained.

Key words: UWB, anchor layout, precision analysis, positioning, emergency environment