Abstract: In response to the characteristics of large data volume and high reliability requirements for low-altitude geospatial information products,this study investigates the risks of zero-defect sampling inspection in quality control of these products.Using the sampling plan from the GB/T 24356—2023 standard as the research subject,this paper analyzes the correlation between the number of nonconforming items,the limiting quality level,and the consumer's risk.The study found that the sampling plan specified in the standard entails a high consumer risk in scenarios involving large batch sizes and low quality.For instance,when the defective rate is 10%,the consumer's risk exceeds 11% for lot sizes of 282 or fewer.Moreover,zero-defect sampling exhibits an unbalanced risk allocation mechanism,and batch-by-batch inspection strategies significantly increase the consumer's risk.Therefore,for low-altitude geographic information products,zero-defect sampling should be optimized according to specific application scenarios.When necessary,sample sizes should be enlarged,and prior knowledge should be leveraged to enhance the targeting of sampling,thereby achieving the goal of improving the reliability of quality control.

Key words: low-altitude geographic information, zero-defect sampling, producer's risk, consumer's risk, quality control