2001-2019年洞庭湖流域生态环境质量时空变化及其影响因素

doi:10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2023.0032

测绘通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (2): 1-8.doi: 10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2023.0032

• 流域生态质量评价 • 下一篇

2001-2019年洞庭湖流域生态环境质量时空变化及其影响因素

张睿¹, 刘修国¹, 徐栋², 李芹¹, 隋兵^3,4, 陈磊士^3,4

1. 中国地质大学(武汉)地理与信息工程学院, 湖北武汉 430074;
2. 北京师范大学遥感科学国家重点实验室, 北京 100875;
3. 湖南省气象科学研究所, 湖南长沙 410118;
4. 气象防灾减灾湖南省重点实验室, 湖南长沙 410118

收稿日期:2022-03-04 发布日期:2023-03-01
通讯作者: 刘修国。E-mail:liuxg318@163.com
作者简介:张睿(1999-),女,硕士生,研究方向为资源环境与遥感。E-mail:15195802088@163.com
基金资助:
湖南省气象局科技项目(XQKJ21B007)

Temporal and spatial changes of eco-environmental quality and its influencing factors in the Dongting Lake basin from 2001 to 2019

ZHANG Rui¹, LIU Xiuguo¹, XU Dong², LI Qin¹, SUI Bing^3,4, CHEN Leishi^3,4

1. School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
3. Hunan Meteorological Research Institute, Changsha 410118, China;
4. Key Lab of Hunan Province for Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, Changsha 410118, China

Received:2022-03-04 Published:2023-03-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近年来,自然灾害和人类不合理开发利用等因素给洞庭湖流域生态环境造成巨大压力。准确、实时地获取生态环境质量的时空格局和演变趋势,对洞庭湖流域生态环境保护和建设具有重要意义。针对洞庭湖流域多植被、生物多样性丰富的生态情况,本文基于中国高分辨率生态环境质量数据集(CHEQ)研究了洞庭湖流域生态环境质量时空演变特征,并通过标准化系数的多元线性回归法和随机森林算法从时间和空间角度分别探究了社会因素和自然因素对洞庭湖流域生态的影响。结果表明:①洞庭湖流域生态环境质量在2001-2009年为快速下降期,在2010-2019年为缓慢上升期;CHEQ平均趋势率为-0.17×10^-3 a^-1,即19年间洞庭湖流域生态环境呈恶化趋势。其中,洞庭湖流域的生态环境质量明显改善区域的面积占比约为20.31%,生态环境质量严重退化区域的面积占比约为24.33%。②平江县、桃源县、桃江县的生态环境质量排名稳居前3,且生态质量基本处于良好等级;排名处于末尾的芙蓉区在19年间生态质量从较差等级退化为差等级。③从时间角度探究近19年洞庭湖流域生态环境质量变化的驱动因素,主要为缺水量、裸土指数;从空间角度探究洞庭湖流域生态环境质量的驱动因素,主要为气温、土壤水分、地表径流量、裸土指数。今后,洞庭湖流域管理策略要以生态恢复为主,以促进经济与生态耦合协调发展,以及发展适应流域生态环境的产业群为主要目标,从而实现流域生态资源可持续利用。本文为探索洞庭湖流域的自然资源持续利用与切实保护相协调的方法提供了科学依据。

关键词: 洞庭湖流域, CHEQ, 生态环境质量, 社会因素, 自然因素

Abstract: In recent years, the ecological environment of the Dongting Lake basin has been under great pressure due to natural disasters, unreasonable exploitation and utilization. Accurate and real-time acquisition of temporal and spatial pattern and evolution trend of eco-environmental quality is of great significance for eco-environmental protection and construction in the Dongting Lake basin. In view of the ecological situation of the Dongting Lake basin with rich vegetation and biodiversity, based on CHEQ using standardized coefficient multiple linear regression method and random forest algorithm, this study explores the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of eco-environmental quality in the Dongting Lake basin and the influence of social and natural factors on the ecology of the Dongting Lake basin. The results show that: ① The eco-environmental quality of the Dongting Lake basin decreased rapidly from 2001 to 2009, and increased slowly from 2010 to 2019. The average trend rate of CHEQ was -0.17×10^-3 a^-1, indicating that the eco-environmental quality of Dongting Lake basin showed a decreasing trend during the past 19 years. In the past 19 years, 20.31% of the areas where the eco-environmental quality has been improved significantly in the Dongting Lake basin, while degraded seriously areas accounted for 24.33%. ② During the study period, Pingjiang county, Taoyuan county and Taojiang county ranked the top three in ecological environmental quality, and the ecological quality was basically in good grade. Furong district, which ranked at the bottom of ecological quality, degraded from a poor grade to a terrible grade. ③ From the perspective of time, the main driving factors of eco-environmental quality change in the Dongting Lake basin were water shortage and IBI index in the past 19 years. The driving factors for the spatial distribution of eco-environmental quality in the Dongting Lake basin were temperature, soil moisture, surface runoff and IBI index. Henceforth, the management strategy of the Dongting Lake basin should focus on ecological restoration, promote the coupling and coordinated development of economy and ecology, and develop industrial groups that adapt to the ecological environment of the basin as the main goal, so as to realize the sustainable utilization of ecological resources in the basin. This study can provide a scientific basis for exploring the coordinated method of sustainable utilization and practical protection of natural resources in the Dongting Lake basin.

Key words: the Dongting Lake basin, CHEQ, eco-environmental quality, social factors, natural factors

中图分类号:

P237

张睿, 刘修国, 徐栋, 李芹, 隋兵, 陈磊士. 2001-2019年洞庭湖流域生态环境质量时空变化及其影响因素[J]. 测绘通报, 2023, 0(2): 1-8.

ZHANG Rui, LIU Xiuguo, XU Dong, LI Qin, SUI Bing, CHEN Leishi. Temporal and spatial changes of eco-environmental quality and its influencing factors in the Dongting Lake basin from 2001 to 2019[J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, 2023, 0(2): 1-8.

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2001-2019年洞庭湖流域生态环境质量时空变化及其影响因素

Temporal and spatial changes of eco-environmental quality and its influencing factors in the Dongting Lake basin from 2001 to 2019

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