一种顾及先验约束的窄巷FCB估计方法

doi:10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2023.0253

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 精密单点定位(PPP)技术由于作业灵活,目前在多领域得到了广泛的应用,其中整周模糊度固定是精密单点定位的核心问题。由于北斗三号全球卫星导航系统(BDS-3)的测站分布大多数集中在亚太区域,因此BDS-3的窄巷小数周偏差(FCB)受观测环境和观测条件的影响,各时段估计值差异较大,窄巷FCB的估计精度严重制约了BDS-3精密单点定位的整周模糊度固定。针对此问题,本文提出了采用最小方差估计算法,加入先验信息估计窄巷FCB的方法。首先对各观测站的观测数据进行粗差探测与隔离,在处理"干净"的数据的基础上,依据先验方差和均值进行最小方差估计,最后采用亚太地区38个观测站数据进行验证。试验结果表明,新方法估计的窄巷FCB月稳定性在0.2周以内,利用估计的窄巷FCB在进行BDS-3精密单点定位时,静态条件下固定率可达95.1%,定位精度在东向、北向和天向3个方向的均方根误差(RMS)分别为1.1、1.3和3.9 cm。

关键词: 窄巷, 先验信息, 北斗三号, 精密单点定位, 模糊度固定, 小数周偏差, 粗差探测, 方差估计

Abstract: Navigation precise point positioning (PPP) technology has been widely used in many fields because of its flexible operation, and the fix of ambiguity is the core problem of PPP. As the BeiDou-3 navigation satellite system (BDS-3) stations are mostly concentrated in the asia-pacific region, therefore, the narrow lane Fractional Cycle Bias (FCB) of the new system signal broadcast by BDS-3 is affected by the observation environment and observation conditions, and the estimated values of each time period are quite different, therefore, the estimation accuracy of FCB in narrow roadways seriously restricts the whole-cycle ambiguity of BDS-3 precise point positioning. In order to solve this problem, a new FCB estimation method based on minimum variance estimation and prior information is proposed. Firstly, gross error detection and isolation are performed on the observed data of each station, and minimum variance estimation is made according to prior variance and mean on the basis of processing"Clean" data. Finally, the data from 38 observatories in asia-pacific region are used for verification. The experimental results show that the monthly stability of FCB in the new system is less than 0.2 weeks, and the fixed rate of FCB in the new system can reach 95.1% under static condition when BDS-3 precise point positioning is performed, the root mean square errors (root mean square rms) of the positioning accuracy in the east, north and sky directions were 1.1, 1.3 and 3.9 cm.

Key words: narrow lane, prior Information, BDS-3, precise point positioning, ambiguity resolution, fractional cycle bias, gross error detection, variance estimation

中图分类号:

P228

李笑娜, 陈亮, 展昕, 张志新. 一种顾及先验约束的窄巷FCB估计方法[J]. 测绘通报, 2023, 0(8): 172-177.

LI Xiaona, CHEN Liang, ZHAN Xin, ZHANG Zhixin. A narrow lane FCB estimation method considering prior constraints[J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, 2023, 0(8): 172-177.

参考文献

[1] 郭树人,蔡洪亮,孟轶男,等.北斗三号导航定位技术体制与服务性能[J].测绘学报,2019,48(7):810-821.
[2] 蔡洪亮,孟轶男,耿长江,等.北斗三号全球导航卫星系统服务性能评估:定位导航授时、星基增强、精密单点定位、短报文通信与国际搜救[J].测绘学报,2021,50(4):427-435.
[3] 李林阳,崔阳,王宇谱,等.窄巷FCB估计方法改进及时变特性分析[J].测绘学报,2017,46(1):34-43.
[4] 李浩东,赵齐乐,陶钧,等.北斗三号卫星FCB估计及其模糊度固定[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2022,47(9):1439-1446.
[5] 杜祯强,柴洪洲,潘宗鹏,等.针对消电离层组合FCB的非组合PPP部分模糊度固定方法[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2021,46(6):913-919.
[6] 焦博,郝金明,刘伟平,等.单参考星下全星座单差FCB估计与应用[J].测绘学报,2018,47(10):1326-1336.
[7] 陈亮,孟海涛,展昕,等.多模多频卫星导航接收机数据处理技术研究[J].无线电工程,2020,50(6):465-469.
[8] JAZAERI S,AMIRI-SIMKOOEI A R,SHARIFI M A.Fast integer least-squares estimation for GNSS high-dimensional ambiguity resolution using lattice theory[J].Journal of Geodesy,2012,86(2):123-136.
[9] TAYLOR J,BARNES E.GPS Current signal-in-space navigation performance[J].Contact Dermatitis,2005,49(5):266-266.
[10] TANG Chengpan,HU Xiaogong,ZHOU Shanshi,et al.Initial results of centralized autonomous orbit determination of the new-generation BDS satellites with inter-satellite link measurements[J].Journal of Geodesy,2018,92(10):1155-1169.
[11] HASSIBI A,BOYD S.Integer parameter estimation in linear models with applications to GPS[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,1998,46(11):2938-2952.
[12] LI Xingxing,YUAN Yongqiang,ZHU Yiting,et al.Precise orbit determination for BDS-3 experimental satellites using iGMAS and MGEX tracking networks[J].Journal of Geodesy,2019,93(1):103-117.
[13] 陈亮,解晶,展昕,等.一种GNSS观测异常值探测与隔离方法:中国,110596736B[P].2021-04-02.
[14] CHEN Jinping,HU Xiaogong,TANG Chengpan,et al.SIS accuracy and service performance of the BDS-3 basic system[J].Science China Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy,2020,63(6):269511.
[15] ZUCCA C,TAVELLA P.The clock model and its relationship with the Allan and related variances[J].IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics,Ferroelectrics,and Frequency Control,2005,52(2):289-296.
[16] 谢钢.GPS原理与接收机设计[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2009.
[17] XIE Xin,GENG Tao,ZHAO Qile,et al.Performance of BDS-3:measurement quality analysis,precise orbit and clock determination[J].Sensors,2017,17(6):1233.
[18] HU Jiahuan,ZHANG Xiaohong,LI Pan,et al.Multi-GNSS fractional cycle bias products generation for GNSS ambiguity-fixed PPP at Wuhan University[J].GPS Solutions,2020,24(1):15.
[19] JIANG Weiping,ZHAO Wen,CHEN Hua,et al.Analysis of BDS fractional cycle biases and PPP ambiguity resolution[J].Sensors,2019,19(21):4725.