1990—2020年冬克玛底流域冰川变化遥感监测

doi:10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2024.0411

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 冰川变化是气候变化的重要体现,对全球水资源和生态环境有着深远影响。本文基于Landsat系列遥感影像,运用目视解译法提取了近30年冬克玛底冰川边界,分析了1990—2020年冬克玛底河冰川面积变化特征;同时基于大气校正法反演了冰面温度,探究了冰川变化与气候变化的响应关系。结果表明:①1990—2020年冬克玛底冰川面积持续减退,总面积退缩1 km²,年均变化率为-0.21%。②冬克玛底冰川在海拔［5600,5800)m处分布较广泛,海拔［5300,5400)m处冰川退缩最强烈。近30年来大、小冬克玛底冰川分别后退382.89 和141.39 m。③2017—2020年冬克玛底冰川表面形变速率介于-233.192～172.512 mm/a之间,高海拔区冰面整体呈积累状态,冰舌和部分区域呈减薄趋势。④冬克玛底冰川表面温度较高区域主要分布于大冬克玛底冰川西部到南部边缘和小冬克玛底冰川西部边缘与部分东部边缘,较低温度区域主要分布于整个冰川东部,气温上升可能是导致冬克玛底冰川消融的主要因素。

关键词: 冬克玛底流域, 冰川, 面积变化, 冰温, 遥感

Abstract: Glacial change is an important embodiment of climate change and has a profound impact on global water resources and ecological environment. Based on Landsat series of remote sensing images, the paper extracted the glacier boundary in recent 30 years and analyzed the glacier area change characteristics of Dongkemadi River from 1990 to 2020. At the same time, the ice temperature was reversed based on atmospheric correction method, so as to explore the response relationship between glacier change and climate change. The results show that: ①From 1990 to 2020, the area of Dongkemadi glacier continued to decline, the total area shrank by 1 km², and the average annual change rate was -0.21%. ②Dongkemadi glaciers are widely distributed at the altitude of ［5600,5800)m, with the strongest glacier retreat at the altitude of ［5300,5400)m. In the past 30 years, the large and small winter and glaciers have retreated 382.89 m and 141.39 m respectively.③From 2017 to 2020, the surface deformation rate of Dongkma bottom glacier was between -233.192 and 172.512 mm·a^-1. The ice surface in the high altitude area was accumulated, and the ice tongue and some areas showed a thinning trend.④The area with high surface temperature of the glacier is mainly distributed in the western edge to the southern edge of the Great Dongkemadi Glacier and the western edge and part of the eastern edge of the Little Dongkemadi Glacier, and the lower temperature area is mainly distributed in the whole eastern part of the glacier. Rising temperatures may be the main factor leading to the melting of the glacier.

Key words: Dongkemadi River, glaciers, area changes, glacier temperature, remote sensing

中图分类号:

P237

张翠兰, 曹香芹, 冀琴. 1990—2020年冬克玛底流域冰川变化遥感监测[J]. 测绘通报, 2024, 0(4): 61-68.

ZHANG Cuilan, CAO Xiangqin, JI Qin. Glacier monitoring studies of Dongkemadi basin from 1990 to 2020[J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, 2024, 0(4): 61-68.

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