基于高精度星历数据的“水逆”现象研究

doi:10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2025.0518

测绘通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (5): 106-111.doi: 10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2025.0518

• 学术研究 • 上一篇

基于高精度星历数据的“水逆”现象研究

冯树立¹, 董景龙^1,2, 沈强^2,3, 周天翔¹

1. 山东建筑大学测绘地理信息学院, 山东济南 250101;
2. 中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院大地测量与地球动力学国家重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430077;
3. 中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2024-10-12 发布日期:2025-06-05
通讯作者: 董景龙。E-mail:dongjinglong20@sdjzu.edu.cn
作者简介:冯树立(2001—),男,硕士生,主要从事月基InSAR对地观测研究。E-mail:2024165205@stu.sdjzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(42374042);山东建筑大学博士科研基金(X20085Z0101)

Research on the mercury retrograde phenomenon based on high-precision ephemeris data

FENG Shuli¹, DONG Jinglong^1,2, SHEN Qiang^2,3, ZHOU Tianxiang¹

1. School of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth's Dynamics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China;
3. College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2024-10-12 Published:2025-06-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 水星逆行(即“水逆”)是一种由水星与地球相对运动产生的天文现象。精确描述和预测“水逆”现象对天文观测仪器校正、航天发射和操作任务时间窗口选择等具有重要的参考意义。本文基于高精度星历数据(DE440)获取水星位置,模拟仿真了2024—2044年水星在黄道惯性坐标系下相对于地球的运行轨迹,结合水星赤经变化率计算了“水逆”时间,并探究水逆轨迹的时空分布特征。结果表明,不同的年份发生“水逆”现象的次数不同,每年发生3～4次“水逆”现象;平均持续时间约为23 d(波动范围为20～26 d),相邻两次逆行间隔周期平均约为95 d(波动范围为89～103 d);不同年份的水星逆行轨迹存在相似性,尤其在相隔13年的年份之间(如2024和2037年)这种相似性更为显著;此外,平均每4～5年会出现一次跨越两个公历年的水星逆行现象。

关键词: 水逆, DE440, 赤经变化率, 时空分布特征

Abstract: Mercury retrograde is an astronomical phenomenon caused by the relative motion of mercury and earth. Accurately describing and predicting the “mercury retrograde” phenomenon is of great significance for the calibration of astronomical observation instruments, the selection of launch and operation task time windows, etc. In this paper, based on high-precision ephemeris data (DE440), the position of mercury is obtained, and the trajectory of mercury in the equatorial inertial coordinate system relative to earth is simulated and modeled from 2024 to 2044. The retrograde time of mercury is calculated based on the rate of change of right ascension, and the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the retrograde trajectory are explored. The results show that the number of times that the “mercury retrograde” phenomenon occurs in different years is different, with 3～4 occurrences per year.The average duration of “mercury retrograde” is about 23 days (with a fluctuation range of 20～26 days), and the average interval between two consecutive retrograde periods is about 95 days (with a fluctuation range of 89～103 days).There is a similarity in the retrograde trajectories of mercury in different years, especially in the years that are 13 years apart (such as 2024 and 2037).In addition, there will be a retrograde of mercury that spans two calendar years on average every 4～5 years.

Key words: retrograde motion of water, DE440, rate of change of right ascension, spatial and temporal distribution characteristics

中图分类号:

P228

冯树立, 董景龙, 沈强, 周天翔. 基于高精度星历数据的“水逆”现象研究[J]. 测绘通报, 2025, 0(5): 106-111.

FENG Shuli, DONG Jinglong, SHEN Qiang, ZHOU Tianxiang. Research on the mercury retrograde phenomenon based on high-precision ephemeris data[J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, 2025, 0(5): 106-111.

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基于高精度星历数据的“水逆”现象研究

Research on the mercury retrograde phenomenon based on high-precision ephemeris data

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