基于多源数据融合的东张水库安全监测与坝体行为关联性

doi:10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2025.1023

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 东张水库作为福建省福清市龙江流域大型水利枢纽,受坝基缓倾角风化夹泥层影响,长期面临渗流侵蚀与变形协同风险。本文融合2024年全周期监测数据,构建Sentinel-1卫星InSAR、三维激光扫描与BOTDA分布式光纤传感的多源监测体系,分析了坝体水平位移、绕坝渗流及坝基扬压力演化规律。结果表明,库容骤变主导位移,YZ10—YZ13测点位移极差为5.05mm,GNSS与引张线数据偏差仅为2.8%;绕坝渗流主通道RS-1水位极差为3.318m,与地质雷达识别的8～15m深度介电常数异常带耦合;坝基新Y3-2测点扬压力变幅为3.714m,下游热异常区与裂隙带重合,渗流每增10%对应温度降0.3℃。本文创新构建渗流-位移-温度动态耦合模型,提出了北斗定位优化监测网格、数字孪生极端工况推演及帷幕灌浆加固等防控范式,为复杂地质水库安全管理提供了技术支撑。

关键词: 东张水库, 安全监测, 水平位移, 绕坝渗流, 扬压力

Abstract: As a large-scale (Category 2)water conservancy hub within the Longjiang River basin of Fuqing city, Fujian province, the Dongzhang reservoir has long faced the combined risks of seepage erosion and deformation due to the influence of its gently dipping, weathered clayey interbedded layers in the dam foundation.This study integrates 2024 full-cycle monitoring data to establish a multi-source monitoring system combining Sentinel-1 satellite InSAR, 3D laser scanning, and BOTDA distributed fibre optic sensing.It analyses the evolution patterns of dam horizontal displacement, circumferential seepage, and foundation uplift pressure.Results indicate, reservoir volume fluctuations predominantly drive displacement, with an extreme displacement range of 5.05 mm at monitoring points YZ10—YZ13, and a mere 2.8%deviation between GNSS and tension-line data.The primary seepage channel RS-1 exhibits an extreme water level variation of 3.318 m, correlating with the 8～15m depth dielectric constant anomaly zone identified by ground-penetrating radar.The uplift pressure variation at the new Y3-2 monitoring point in the dam foundation reached 3.714 m, coinciding with the downstream thermal anomaly zone and fissure belt, where a 10% increase in seepage corresponded to a 0.3℃ temperature decrease.The study innovatively establishes a dynamic coupled model of seepage, displacement, and temperature.It proposes prevention and control paradigms including BeiDou positioning-optimised monitoring grids, digital twin extreme condition simulations, and curtain grouting reinforcement, providing support for the safety management of reservoirs in complex geological settings.

Key words: Dongzhang reservoir, safety monitoring, horizontal displacement, seepage flow around dam, lift pressure

中图分类号:

P237

张美新. 基于多源数据融合的东张水库安全监测与坝体行为关联性[J]. 测绘通报, 2025, 0(10): 138-143.

ZHANG Meixin. Correlation between safety monitoring and dam behaviour in Dongzhang reservoir based on multi-source data fusion[J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, 2025, 0(10): 138-143.

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