无人机实景三维模型驱动的建筑屋顶光伏面板优化布设

doi:10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2025.1201

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为提升城市屋顶光伏能源利用效率,探索实景三维模型应用领域,本文提出了一种无人机实景三维模型驱动的建筑屋顶光伏面板优化布设方法。利用无人机倾斜摄影技术建立建筑实景三维模型,融合GIS空间分析算法,开展精细日照分析与光伏面板布局优化。首先对实景三维模型进行优化,选择合适细节层次和将三角网格重构为四边形网格,提高日照分析的效率与精度。然后开发参数化日照分析模块,结合气象数据动态计算屋顶日照时长,依据峰值日照时数筛选可利用区域。最后运用GIS空间分析,去除屋顶障碍物影响,划分光伏面板布设范围,设计优化布局算法,实现动态布局与可视化呈现。研究表明,该方法能有效提升屋顶空间利用率,为建筑屋顶光伏系统科学布设提供了技术支撑。

关键词: 实景三维模型, 屋顶光伏, 日照分析, 空间分析, 光伏面板优化排布

Abstract: To enhance the efficiency of urban rooftop photovoltaic (PV)energy utilization and explore the application fields of real-scene 3D models,this paper proposes a method for optimizing the layout of rooftop photovoltaic panels driven by UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle)real-scene 3D models.The method employs UAV oblique photogrammetry to establish the real-scene 3D model of buildings and combines GIS spatial analysis algorithms to conduct fine-grained sunlight analysis and PV panel layout optimization.Firstly,the real-scene 3D model is optimized through selecting an appropriate level of detail (LOD)and reconstructing triangular meshes into quadrilateral meshes to improve the efficiency and accuracy of sunlight analysis.Subsequently,a parametric sunlight analysis module is developed to dynamically calculate the solar irradiance duration on the rooftop based on meteorological data,and utilizable areas are identified according to the peak sun hours.On this basis,GIS spatial analysis methods are applied to remove the influence of rooftop obstacles,demarcate the PV panel layout area,and design an optimized layout algorithm to achieve dynamic layout and visualization of rooftop PV panels.The study shows that this method can effectively improve the utilization rate of rooftop space and provide technical support for the scientific layout of building rooftop PV systems.

Key words: real-scene 3D model, rooftop photovoltaics, sunlight analysis, spatial analysis, optimized layout of photovoltaic panels

中图分类号:

徐敬海, 刘阳, 齐梦轩, 经皓然. 无人机实景三维模型驱动的建筑屋顶光伏面板优化布设[J]. 测绘通报, 2025, 0(12): 1-6.

XU Jinghai, LIU Yang, QI Mengxuan, JING Haoran. Optimized layout of rooftop photovoltaic panels driven by UAV real-scene 3D model[J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, 2025, 0(12): 1-6.

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