黄河流域生态环境质量对气候变化的响应及其与水沙变化的关系

doi:10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2025.0110

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究生态环境质量对气候变化的响应及其与水沙变化的关系,可为黄河流域生态保护与高质量发展提供科学依据。本文以2000—2022年MODIS数据产品、气温、降水、径流量和输沙量数据为基础,结合多元指标的遥感生态指数(RSEI),利用线性回归和相关分析方法,分析了黄河流域RSEI时空变化特征及其对气温、降水的响应,以及与径流量、输沙量的关系。结果表明:①2000—2022年黄河流域总体和上、中游地区RSEI呈上升趋势,下游地区呈下降趋势,其中中游地区增速最快,显著增加面积占比最大;②黄河流域RSEI与年平均气温、年降水量呈显著正相关的面积比例分别为17.29%、27.97%,集中在中部黄土高原区域;③黄河流域上游和中游地区年径流、年输沙量与RSEI均呈显著正相关,流域总体和下游地区RSEI与年径流量呈正相关,与输沙量呈负相关。气候变化背景下黄河流域生态环境质量总体呈改善趋势,生态环境质量变化与径流量、输沙量变化的内在关系仍需进一步研究。

关键词: 遥感生态指数, 气候变化, 水沙关系, 黄河流域

Abstract: The response of ecological environment quality to climate change and its relationship with water and sediment changes can provide scientific basis for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River basin. Based on the MODIS data products, temperature, precipitation, runoff and sediment transport data from 2000 to 2022, combined with the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) of multiple indicators, the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of RSEI in the Yellow River basin and its response to temperature and precipitation, as well as its relationship with runoff and sediment transport are analyzed by linear regression and correlation analysis. The results show that: ①From 2000 to 2022, the RSEI of the Yellow River basin and the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River basin showed an upward trend, while the lower reaches showed a downward trend. The middle reaches of the Yellow River basin had the fastest growth rate and the largest proportion of significantly increased area. ② The RSEI of the Yellow River basin is significantly positively correlated with annual average temperature and annual precipitation, with an area ratio of 17.29 % and 27.97 %, respectively, concentrated in the central Loess Plateau region. ③The annual runoff and annual sediment load in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River basin are significantly positively correlated with RSEI. The overall and downstream areas of the basin are positively correlated with annual runoff and negatively correlated with sediment load. Under the background of climate change, the ecological environment quality of the Yellow River basin is generally improving, and the internal relationship between the change of ecological environment quality and the change of runoff and sediment transport still needs further study.

Key words: remote sensing ecological index, climate change, water-sediment relationship, the Yellow River basin

中图分类号:

P237

李朋轩, 王涛, 王德应, 杜义博. 黄河流域生态环境质量对气候变化的响应及其与水沙变化的关系[J]. 测绘通报, 2025, 0(1): 59-65.

LI Pengxuan, WANG Tao, WANG Deying, DU Yibo. Response of eco-environmental quality to climate change and its relationship with water and sediment changes in the Yellow River basin[J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, 2025, 0(1): 59-65.

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