测绘通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (8): 74-81.doi: 10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2026.0811

• 学术研究 • 上一篇    

基于无人机LiDAR的淹没条件下输电线路杆塔倾斜检测

韦朋成1,2, 王秀龙3, 王雨扬1,2, 黄海峰1,2, 郭若岚1,2, 郭飞1,2, 刘毅4, 赵斌滨4, 文清丰5, 安杨6, 郭威5   

  1. 1. 三峡大学湖北长江三峡滑坡国家野外科学观测研究站, 湖北 宜昌 443002;
    2. 三峡大学三峡库区地质灾害教育部重点实验室, 湖北 宜昌 443002;
    3. 国家电网有限公司, 北京 100032;
    4. 国网电力工程研究院有限公司, 北京 100053;
    5. 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院, 天津 300384;
    6. 国网天津市电力公司高压分公司, 天津 300232
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-09 发布日期:2026-09-12
  • 通讯作者: 王雨扬。E-mail:17720457679@163.com
  • 作者简介:韦朋成(1993—),男,博士,讲师,主要研究方向为时空数据处理与三维重建。E-mail:weipengcheng@ctgu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家电网有限公司总部管理科技项目(5500-202455159A-1-1-ZN)

Transmission line tower tilt detection under flooding conditions based on UAV LiDAR

Wei Pengcheng1,2, Wang Xiulong3, Wang Yuyang1,2, Huang Haifeng1,2, Guo Ruolan1,2, Guo Fei1,2, Liu Yi4, Zhao Binbin4, Wen Qingfeng5, An Yang6, Guo Wei5   

  1. 1. National Field Observation and Research Station of Landslides in Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Yangtze River, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China;
    3. State Grid Corporation of China, Beijing 100032, China;
    4. State Grid Electric Power Engineering Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 100053, China;
    5. State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Coporation Electric Power Research Institute, Tianjin 300384, China;
    6. State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Company High Voltage Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300232, China
  • Received:2025-12-09 Published:2026-09-12

摘要: [目的] 针对洪涝灾害等淹没环境下输电杆塔塔基不可见、点云噪声增强等问题,本文提出了一种基于无人机LiDAR的输电杆塔倾斜检测新方法。[方法] 该方法仅需塔身底部水平杆件截面和塔顶位置即可完成倾斜评估,无需塔基基准和完整塔身数据。首先通过包围盒截取水平杆件截面点云并进行统计滤波去噪;然后采用多次RANSAC结合PCA策略拟合截面平面,并利用凸包-旋转卡尺-外接正方形方法提取准确截面中心;最后结合塔顶位置和塔高计算倾斜率,并提出轴旋定向分级倾斜模拟验证方法性能。[结果] 结果表明,在6.0‰倾斜率范围内,水平偏移检测误差小于6.0 mm,倾斜角误差小于0.01°,倾斜率误差小于0.2‰,相关系数均超过0.99,满足规程要求。[结论] 该方法为复杂水域环境下杆塔巡检和灾后评估提供了有效技术途径。

关键词: 无人机LiDAR, 输电杆塔, 倾斜检测, 淹没条件, 点云处理

Abstract: [Purposes] To address the challenges of invisible tower bases and enhanced point cloud noise in flood-submerged environments,a novel UAV LiDAR-based method is proposed for detecting transmission tower inclination in this paper. [Methods] This method requires only a horizontal member cross-section at the tower bottom and the tower top position to complete inclination assessment,eliminating the need for tower base references and complete tower body data.First,the cross-sectional point cloud of horizontal members is extracted using a bounding box and denoised through statistical filtering.Then,a multi-iteration RANSAC combined with PCA strategy is employed to fit the cross-sectional plane,and a convex hull-rotating calipers-circumscribed square method is used to extract the accurate section center.Finally,the tilt rate is calculated by combining the tower top position with the tower height.An axial-rotation directional graded tilt simulation method is proposed to validate the algorithm performance. [Findings] Results show that within a 6.0‰ tilt rate range,the horizontal offset detection error is less than 6.0 mm,the tilt angle error is below 0.01°,and the tilt rate error is under 0.2‰,with all correlation coefficients exceeding 0.99,meeting the requirements of transmission line operation regulations. [Conclusions] This method provides an effective technical approach for tower inspection and post-disaster assessment in complex aquatic environments.

Key words: UAV LiDAR, transmission tower, tilt detection, flooding conditions, point cloud processing

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