Galileo系统服务中断前后广播星历精度对比分析

doi:10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2021.0010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 2019年7月中旬发生的Galileo服务中断事件，在整个卫星导航发展史上都是较为罕见的重大事故。本文选取Galileo服务中断前后的广播星历，从纵向（利用中断前后29 d的数据）和横向（与其他主要系统进行对比）两个维度，通过卫星位置、速度、钟差、空间信号测距误差4个方面，对中断事件前后广播星历计算精度进行了较为全面的分析。结果表明：从纵向维度来看，服务中断前，Galileo健康卫星数发生剧烈变化，卫星钟差精度普遍发散，卫星位置、速度精度未发生明显异常，服务恢复后各项指标随之恢复正常。从横向维度来看，与GPS相比，Galileo系统目前在卫星位置速度精度、卫星钟差精度方面已表现出优于GPS的性能，在空间信号测距误差（SISRE）方面，Galileo轨道精度具有明显优势，平均SISRE达到0.27 m。GPS与BDS相当，GPS平均SISRE达到0.61 m，BDS的3类卫星MEO、IGSO和GEO分别达到0.76、0.58和0.68 m；QZSS的IGSO和GEO卫星平均SISRE分别达到0.85和0.99 m。GLONASS轨道精度稍差，平均SISRE为1.05 m。

关键词: Galileo, 广播星历, 空间信号测距误差, 卫星位置, 卫星速度, 卫星钟差

Abstract: The Galileo service interruption event in mid July 2019 is a relatively rare major accident in the whole history of satellite navigation development. This paper selects the broadcast ephemeris before and after Galileo service interruption, from two dimensions of vertical (using the data of 29 days before and after interruption) and horizontal (comparing with other major systems), through the four aspects of satellite position, speed, clock difference and SISRE (signal-in-space range error), analyzes the calculation accuracy of broadcast ephemeris before and after interruption. The results show that: from the vertical dimension, before the service interruption, the number of Galileo healthy satellites changes dramatically, the accuracy of satellite clock difference is widely divergent, and the accuracy of satellite position and speed is not significantly abnormal. After the service is restored, all indicators return to normal. From the horizontal dimension, compared with GPS, Galileo system has shown better performance in the accuracy of satellite position, speed and clock. In the field of SISRE, Galileo has obvious advantage with an average SISRE of 0.27 m. GPS and BDS have the comparable orbit accuracy. The average SISRE of GPS is about 0.61 m, and that of BDS MEO, IGSO and GEO is respectively 0.76, 0.58, and 0.68 m. The average SISRE of QZSS (IGSO) and QZSS(GEO) is respectively 0.85 and 0.99 m. GLONASS has slightly poor orbit accuracy, with an average SISRE of 1.05 m.

Key words: Galileo, broadcast ephemeris, signal-in-space range error, satellite position, satellite speed, satellite clock bias

中图分类号:

P228

刘伟平, 谢建涛, 焦博, 刘婧. Galileo系统服务中断前后广播星历精度对比分析[J]. 测绘通报, 2021, 0(1): 53-58.

LIU Weiping, XIE Jiantao, JIAO Bo, LIU Jing. Comparison and analysis of broadcast ephemeris accuracy before and after Galileo system service interruption[J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, 2021, 0(1): 53-58.

参考文献

[1] 杨元喜,许扬胤,李金龙,等.北斗三号系统进展及性能预测——试验验证数据分析[J].中国科学:地球科学, 2018, 48(5):584-594.
[2] 刘伟平.北斗卫星导航系统精密轨道确定方法研究[D].郑州:信息工程大学,2014:1-16.
[3] European GNSS Service Centre.Notice advisory to Galileo users (NAGU) 2019025[EB/OL].(2019-07-11)[2019-12-01].https://www.gsc-europa.eu.
[4] European GNSS Service Centre.Notice advisory to Galileo users (NAGU) 2019027[EB/OL].(2019-07-18)[2019-12-01].http://www.gsc-europa.eu.
[5] 郝金明,刘伟平,杨力,等.北斗卫星导航系统精密定轨技术研究现状[J].测绘科学技术学报,2015, 32(3):221-225.
[6] 刘伟平,郝金明.国外卫星导航系统精密定轨技术的研究现状及发展趋势[J].测绘通报, 2016(3):1-6.
[7] MALYS S, LAREZOS M, GOTTSCHALK S, et al. The GPS accuracy improvement initiative[C]//Proceedings of ION GPS 1997.Kansas City:[s.n.], 1997:375-384.
[8] WARREN D L, RAQUET J F.Broadcast vs. precise GPS ephemerides:a historical perspective[J].GPS Solutions, 2003, 7(3):151-156.
[9] COHENOUR C, GRAAS F.GPS orbit and clock erro distributions[J].Navigation, 2011, 58(1):17-28.
[10] HENG L, GAO G X, WALTER T, et al.Statistical chara-cterization of GPS signal-in-space errors[C]//Proceedings of ION ITM 2011.San Diego:[s.n.], 2011:312-319.
[11] COOLEY B.GPS program updates[C]//Proceedings of ION GNSS+2013.Nashville:[s.n.], 2013:537-554.
[12] REVNIVYKH S.GLONASS ground control segment:orbit, clock, time scale and geodesy definition[C]//Proceedings of ION GNSS 2012.Nashville:[s.n.], 2012:3931-3949.
[13] LUCAS R R.GALILEO IOV status and results[C]//Proceedings of ION GNSS 2013.Nashville:[s.n.], 2013:3065-3093.
[14] MONTENBRUCK O, STEIGENBERGER P.The BeiDou navigation message[J]. Journal of Global Positioning Systems, 2014, 12(1):1-12.
[15] STEIGENBERGER P, HUGENTOBLER U, HAUSCHILD A, et al.Orbit and clock analysis of compass GEO and IGSO satellites[J].Journal of Geodesy, 2013, 87(6):515-526.
[16] WU Y, LIU X, LIU W, et al.Long-term behavior and statistical characterization of BeiDou signal-in-space errors[J].GPS Solutions, 2017, 21(4):1907-1922.
[17] MONTENBRUCK O, STEIGENBERGER P, HAUSCHILD A.Broadcast versus precise ephemerides:a multi-GNSS perspective[J].GPS Solutions, 2015, 19(2):321-333.
[18] 郭树人,蔡洪亮,孟轶男,等.北斗三号导航定位技术体制与服务性能[J].测绘学报,2019, 48(7):810-821.
[19] 陈金平,曹月玲,郭睿,等.北斗试验卫星空间信号精度参数SISA计算方法及性能验证[J].测绘学报, 2018, 47(S0):1-8.
[20] 赵齐乐,杨超,耿涛,等.NTCM广播电离层模型性能评估[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2019, 44(5):655-660.
[21] 刘伟平,郝金明,李作虎.由广播星历解算卫星位置、速度及精度分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2010, 30(2):144-147.
[22] MGEX.IGS MGEX Status GAL[EB/OL].(2018-10-04)[2019-12-01].http://mgex.igs.org/IGS_MGEX_Status_GAL.php.