基于无人机的废弃采石矿山生态修复监测

doi:10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2026.0227

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 构建基于无人机遥感影像的矿山生态修复监测评价方法,揭示矿山植被恢复空间分布特征及影响因素,可为生态系统管理提供依据。本文以渭北旱腰带某废弃采石矿山为研究区,采用无人机获取研究区治理后的遥感影像,结合治理前的高分辨率卫星影像,计算生态修复前后的研究区绿叶指数(GLI),采用自然断点法,对研究区植被覆盖度进行分区,采用盒维数法计算GLI的分形维数,评价治理前后的生态环境变化情况,结合地理探测器,识别影响生态修复效果的影响因素。治理后研究区GLI值和植被覆盖度显著提升,植被类型呈现多样性。坡度是制约研究区植被恢复的关键因素,重构土壤的理化特性对区域生态恢复也有较大影响。研究成果为矿山生态系统调控提供了基础资料,丰富了生态修复效果评价的技术与方法。

关键词: 无人机, 矿山生态修复, 渭北旱腰带, 废弃采石矿山

Abstract: Establishing a monitoring and evaluation method of mine ecological restoration based on UAV remote sensing images to reveal the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of mine vegetation restoration and providing basis for ecosystem management.An abandoned quarry in Weibei dry belt was taken as the study area,Remote sensing images of the study area after restoration were obtained by unmanned aerial vehicles,combined with the high-resolution images before treatment,the vegetation cover of the study area was divided by green leaf index (GLI)and fractal dimension of GLI was calculated to evaluate the ecological environment changes before and after restoration.Combined with geographic detectors,the influencing factors affecting ecological restoration effect were identified,and corresponding ecological restoration measures and monitoring suggestions were put forward.After treatment,GLI value and vegetation coverage increased significantly,and vegetation types showed diversity.Slope is the key factor restricting vegetation restoration in the study area,and physical and chemical characteristics of reconstructed soil also have great influence on regional ecological restoration.The research results provide basic data for mine ecosystem regulation and enrich the evaluation techniques and methods of ecological restoration effect.

Key words: UAV, mine ecological restoration, Weibei dry belt, abandoned quarry

中图分类号:

P237

王建彬, 陈秋计, 崔创义, 牛宝琪. 基于无人机的废弃采石矿山生态修复监测[J]. 测绘通报, 2026, 0(2): 168-173.

WANG Jianbin, CHEN Qiuji, CUI Chuangyi, NIU Baoqi. Ecological restoration monitoring of abandoned quarry mine based on UAV[J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, 2026, 0(2): 168-173.

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