InSAR监测露天尾矿库短期快速滑移——以德兴铜矿2、4号尾矿库为例

doi:10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2026.0521

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的]尾矿库滑移已成为露天矿主要安全隐患之一,对尾矿库滑移大范围、短临动态监测是智慧矿山建设管理、矿产资源安全开采的基础,也是预防、预警露天矿滑坡地质灾害发生的有力保障。[方法]本文联合D-InSAR与PS-InSAR技术,基于2020年11月至2021年3月中低分辨率Sentinel-1 SAR宽幅影像,以德兴铜矿2、4号尾矿库为研究区,从滑移剖面、PS单点定位、时序累计监测等分析尾矿库短期位移特征、趋势及影响因素,并基于SAR影像干涉对相干系数分析尾矿库边坡大量级滑移形变。[结果]监测结果表明,尾矿库滑移主要与坝体高程梯度、降水有关,2号尾矿库滑移发生在尾矿砂池,最大滑移速率为-439 mm/a;4号尾矿库滑移主要分布于坝体上半部分,滑移速率由坝顶到中部排水渠逐步增大,最大速率为-619 mm/a,时序结果表明滑移最初始于坝体中部排水渠附近,最大累计滑移量为-220 mm,相干系数可有效监测尾矿库边坡大量级滑移。[结论]InSAR联合技术及相干系数可为露天矿尾矿库大面积、短临、快速滑移监测提供技术支撑。

关键词: 尾矿库, 滑移, PS-InSAR, D-InSAR, 相干系数, 德兴铜矿

Abstract: [Purposes]Tailings reservoir slides and their secondary hazards have become one of the major geological hazards in open-pit mines.Large-scale,short-critical and long-time dynamic monitoring of tailings reservoir landslide hazards is the basis for smart mine construction management and safe exploitation of mineral resources,and is also a powerful guarantee for preventing and warning the occurrence of landslide geological hazards in open-pit mining.[Methods]In this paper,we combine short-critical D-InSAR and long-time sequence PS-InSAR.Based on low-medium resolution Sentinel-1 satellite SAR wide mode images from November 2020 to March 2021,and taking tailings reservoirs No.2 and 4 of Dexing copper mine as the study area,it is used to monitor and analyse the short-time displacement characteristics,long-time displacement trends and influencing factors of the tailings reservoir in terms of slip profiles,PS single point positioning and time-series cumulative slip.Based on the coherence coefficient of SAR image interference,the large-scale slip deformation of tailings reservoir slope is analyzed.[Findings]The monitoring results show that the the tailings reservoir slip is mainly related to the dam elevation gradient and precipitation.Tailings reservoir No.2 slip occurs in the tailings sand reservoir,with a maximum slip rate is -439 mm/a.Tailings reservoir No.4 slip is mainly distributed in the upper half of the dam body,and the slip rate gradually increases from the top of dam to the central drainage channel,with a maximum rate of -619 mm/a.The time series results show that the slip initially starts near the central drainage channel of the dam body,and the maximum cumulative slip is -220 mm.The coherence coefficient method can effectively monitor large-scale slip of tailings reservoir slope.[Conclusions]The results show that the combined InSAR monitoring technique and coherence coefficient method can provide technical support for the large-area,short-period and long time series slip monitoring of the open-pit tailings reservoir.

Key words: tailings reservoir, slip, PS-InSAR, D-InSAR, coherence coefficient, Dexing copper mine

中图分类号:

P237

陆力, 徐小波, 秦友森. InSAR监测露天尾矿库短期快速滑移——以德兴铜矿2、4号尾矿库为例[J]. 测绘通报, 2026, 0(5): 128-135.

LU Li, XU Xiaobo, QIN Yousen. InSAR monitoring of short-term rapid slip in open-pit mine: a case study of tailings reservoir No.2 and 4,Dexing copper mine[J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, 2026, 0(5): 128-135.

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