基于单目遥感影像的建筑物三维白模自动重建方法

doi:10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2026.0319

测绘通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (3): 112-117,129.doi: 10.13474/j.cnki.11-2246.2026.0319

基于单目遥感影像的建筑物三维白模自动重建方法

邱志伟¹, 秦静¹, 相前进¹, 王晨曦²

1. 江苏海洋大学海洋技术与测绘学院, 江苏连云港 222005;
2. 江苏海洋大学艺术设计学院, 江苏连云港 222005

收稿日期:2025-06-30 发布日期:2026-04-08
通讯作者: 王晨曦。E-mail:wcx_Dp@163.com
作者简介:邱志伟(1985—),男,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为摄影测量学、雷达干涉测量和海洋遥感。E-mail:qiuzhiwei@jou.edu.cn
基金资助:
江苏海洋大学创新训练计划校级自筹项目(KYCX2024-25);江苏高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目(2014SJYB1336)

Automatic reconstruction method of 3D white models of buildings based on monocular remote sensing imagery

QIU Zhiwei¹, QIN Jing¹, XIANG Qianjin¹, WANG Chenxi²

1. School of Marine Technology and Geomatics, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China;
2. School of Art and Design, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China

Received:2025-06-30 Published:2026-04-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着实景三维、数字孪生城市和智慧城市的发展,建筑物的自动提取与三维建模在城市规划与可视化中具有重要意义。针对现有方法依赖DSM或人工操作的问题,本文提出了一种基于单目遥感影像的建筑物三维白模自动重建方法。该方法仅依赖单张高分辨率卫星影像,首先通过融合CBAM注意力机制与SMU激活函数的改进U-Net模型实现建筑足迹与屋顶的高精度分割,然后利用屋顶偏移与卫星成像几何关系估算建筑高程,最后通过CGA建模语言生成建筑三维白模模型。试验结果表明,在UBC和WHU数据集上,改进模型的总体精度分别为96.46%和98.4%,mIoU分别达到90.93%和92.15%。在45栋建筑的高程估算试验中,平均绝对误差为1.061 8 m,93.33%的建筑误差小于2 m,验证了本文方法的可行性与工程应用价值。

关键词: 建筑物三维重建, 遥感图像分割, 足迹提取, U-Net

Abstract: With the development of real-world 3D,digital twin cities and smart cities,automatic building extraction and 3D modeling are of great significance in urban planning and visualization.In order to solve the problem that the existing methods rely on DSM or manual operation,a method of automatic reconstruction of three-dimensional white model of buildings based on monocular remote sensing images is proposed.In this method,which only relies on a single high-resolution satellite image,the high-precision segmentation of the building footprint and the roof is achieved through the improved U-Net model that fuses the CBAM attention mechanism and the SMU activation function,and then the building elevation is estimated by using the geometric relationship between the roof offset and the satellite image.Finally,the CGA modeling language is used to generate a 3D white model model of the building.Experimental results show that the overall accuracy of the improved model is 96.46%and 98.4%,and the mIoU is 90.93%and 92.15%,respectively,on the UBC and WHU datasets.In the elevation estimation experiment of 45 buildings,the average absolute error was 1.061 8 m,and 93.33%of the buildings had an error of less than 2 m.It verifies the feasibility and engineering application value of the method.

Key words: 3D building reconstruction, remote sensing image segmentation, footprint extraction, U-Net

中图分类号:

P208

邱志伟, 秦静, 相前进, 王晨曦. 基于单目遥感影像的建筑物三维白模自动重建方法[J]. 测绘通报, 2026, 0(3): 112-117,129.

QIU Zhiwei, QIN Jing, XIANG Qianjin, WANG Chenxi. Automatic reconstruction method of 3D white models of buildings based on monocular remote sensing imagery[J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, 2026, 0(3): 112-117,129.

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基于单目遥感影像的建筑物三维白模自动重建方法

Automatic reconstruction method of 3D white models of buildings based on monocular remote sensing imagery

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